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28-11-2023
Imports
In 2022, Turkey imported $363.7 billion worth of products from all over the world. The overall cost of goods imported into Turkey increased by 34% from $271.4 billion in 2021.
Turkey's most expensive imports include processed petroleum, automobiles, jewelry, auto parts and trucks. Overall, these five major imports account for 16.8% of Turkey's import spending in 2022.
Turkey's Best Import Suppliers
The most recent country-specific data shows that Turkey's exports are mainly purchased by importers in Germany (8.3% of the global total), the United States (6.6%), Iraq (5.4%), the United Kingdom (5.1%), Italy (4.9%), Spain (3.8%), France (3.8%), Russia (3.7%), the Netherlands (3.2%), Israel ( 2.8%), Romania (2.7%) and Poland (2.2%).
Turkey's Top 10 Imports
1. Mineral fuels including oil: $96.5 billion (26.5% of total imports)
2. Machinery including computers: $34.6 billion (9.5%)
3. Iron and steel: $28.4 billion (7.8%)
4. Gems, precious metals: $23.5 billion (6.4%)
5. Electrical machinery, equipment: $21.5 billion (5.9%)
6. Plastics, plastic products: $19 billion (5.2%)
7. Vehicles: $17.7 billion (4.9%)
8. Organic chemicals: $11.1 billion (3.1%)
9. Aluminum: $7.7 billion (2.1%)
10. Copper: $5.5 billion (1.5%)
Turkey's top 10 imports are close to three-quarters (73%) of the total value of products it purchases from other countries.
The largest increase in Turkey's imports from 2021 to 2022 is in the Gems and Precious Metals category (up 231.6%), thanks to increased revenues from gold purchases. In second place are imported mineral fuels, including petroleum (up 90.5%), followed by organic chemicals (up 19%).
The smallest year-on-year increase was in imports of Turkish metal steel (up 2.7% from 2021).
Exports
In 2022, Turkey shipped $254.2 billion worth of goods to the world. Turkey's total exports increased by 12.8% from $225.3 billion in 2021.
In 2022, Turkey's largest exports are refined petroleum, automobiles, jewelry, automotive parts or accessories, and trucks. Turkey has traditionally been considered a top exporter of carpets and one of the leading exporters of trucks and jewelry.
Turkey's Best International Trade Customers
The latest country-specific data shows that Turkey's exports are mainly purchased by importers from Germany (8.3% of the global total), the United States (6.6%), Iraq (5.4%), the United Kingdom (5.1%), Italy (4.9%), Spain (3.8%), France (3.8%), Russia (3.7%), the Netherlands (3.2%), Israel (2.8%), Romania (2.7%) and Poland (2.2%).
Turkey's Top 10 Exports
1. Automobiles: $26.8 billion (10.5% of total exports)
2. Machinery including computers: $22.7 billion (8.9%)
3. Mineral fuels including oil: $16.4 billion (6.4%)
4. Iron and steel: $14.6 billion (5.8%)
5. Electrical machinery, equipment: $13.7 billion (5.4%)
6. plastics, plastic products: $11.6 billion (4.6%)
7. Knitted or crocheted apparel, accessories: $11 billion (4.3%)
8. Iron and steel products: $10.5 billion (4.1%)
9. Gemstones, precious metals: $10.2 billion (4%)
10. Clothing, accessories (not knitted or crocheted): $8.5 billion (3.3%)
Turkey's top 10 exports account for just under three-fifths (57.4%) of its total global exports.
Mineral fuels, including petroleum, are the fastest growing of the top 10 export categories, up 92.3% since 2021. The second highest improvement in export sales was in iron and steel products: up 19.7%. Turkey's shipments of plastic materials and plastic products ranked third, up 15.5 percent year-on-year.
The largest decline among Turkey's top 10 export categories was in iron and steel metals, which fell by -14.3%.
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